Specifically, OSHA CFR 1926.1428(c) requires that signalpersons know and understand basic hand signals; be competent in the application of the type of signals used (e.g., hand, radio); have a basic understanding of the crane’s operation and limitations; and understand when it is appropriate to use hand, radio, or special signals. Most importantly, they must demonstrate qualification through an oral or written exam and a thorough practical exam, either by an accredited third-party qualified evaluator, such as Think Safety Always, or the employer’s qualified evaluator.

The requirements for Riggers are less concrete. In some circumstances, OSHA requires employers always to use qualified riggers. These include any hoisting activities relating to the assembly and disassembly of the rig. Qualified riggers must also be used whenever there will be other workers inside the fall zone (the area directly under a load or the expanded area a load could fall into). Qualified riggers must also be used whenever workers will be guiding a load, hooking and unhooking a load, or connecting a load to a structure while it is still attached to the rig.

According to OSHA, it is the employer’s responsibility to determine whether a person is qualified to be a rigger. Having a degree, certificate, or professional accreditation as a rigger is one way to qualify as a rigger. Formal qualification or certification in rigging is not required, as long as the employer can show the rigger has the knowledge, experience, and training in rigging and can demonstrate the ability to solve rigging problems. Employers are not required to have riggers independently tested or assessed, but certification can certainly assist in documenting that an individual is a qualified rigger.

A quality training program will provide a good combination of technical knowledge and hands-on examples to show an application of the principles and techniques taught. Most quality training offers ample opportunity for hands-on instruction using pre-made scenarios that require the candidates to apply the technical knowledge they learned in the classroom. During training, the hands-on scenarios should be assessed, and proper feedback is given to the candidates to ensure a complete understanding of the concepts and techniques learned. The training usually includes a pre-certification written exam so the candidate and the trainer can assess comprehension. In this way, the training is more than just “teaching to the test.”